Restaurants DB Schema

In this lesson, we will prepare DB schema and Models for managing Restaurants by the administrator. The database schema will look as follows:

Cities table

• id
• name

Restaurants table

• id
• owner_id - user id which the restaurant belongs to
• city_id - restaurants will belong to a city
• name
• address

Here's the schema we're aiming for:

Create a City Model

First, let's create a City model with Migration and Seeder:

php artisan make:model City -ms

database/migrations/2023_05_31_000005_create_cities_table.php

public function up(): void
{
    Schema::create('cities', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->string('name');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

And update CitySeeder with the following content:

database/seeders/CitySeeder.php

namespace Database\Seeders;
 
use App\Models\City;
use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
 
class CitySeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Run the database seeds.
     */
    public function run(): void
    {
        $cities = ['Aalborg', 'Aarhus', 'Aba', 'Abeokuta', 'Abovyan', 'Abuja', 'Accra', 'Adana', '...', 'Zaria', 'Zenica', 'Zhodzina', 'Zilina', 'Zvolen', 'Zürich', 'Other'];
 
        foreach ($cities as $city) {
            City::create(['name' => $city]);
        }
    }
}

You can customize available cities as you want.

To seed cities, update the DatabaseSeeder file by adding CitySeeder::class:

database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php

public function run(): void
{
    $this->call([
        PermissionSeeder::class,
        RoleSeeder::class,
        CitySeeder::class, 
        UserSeeder::class,
    ]);
}

We insert CitySeeder before UserSeeder because we need cities present if we seed fake user users with restaurants.

Create a Restaurant Model

Now it is time to create a Restaurant Model with Migration:

php artisan make:model Restaurant -m

Then update restaurants Migration:

database/migrations/2023_05_31_000006_create_restaurants_table.php

use App\Models\City;
 
public function up(): void
{
    Schema::create('restaurants', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->foreignId('owner_id')->references('id')->on('users');
        $table->foreignIdFor(City::class)->constrained();
        $table->string('name');
        $table->text('address');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

Because we use a custom column name as owner_id, we can't just use the constrained() method. We need to specify what column on which table it references: references('id')->on('users').

Then update the Restaurant Model by specifying $fillable columns and add relationships:

app/Models/Restaurant.php

namespace App\Models;
 
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
 
class Restaurant extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
 
    protected $fillable = ['city_id', 'name', 'address'];
 
    public function owner(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'owner_id');
    }
 
    public function city(): BelongsTo
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(City::class);
    }
}

Finally, add the relationship to the Restaurant Model on the User Model:

app/Models/User.php

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOne;
 
// ...
 
public function restaurant(): HasOne
{
    return $this->hasOne(Restaurant::class, 'owner_id');
}

Ok, so we have our DB schema for restaurants, owners, and cities.

In the next lesson, we will continue with Controller for admin to view/manage restaurants.